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KMID : 1023720160710030389
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Journal of Welfare for the Aged
2016 Volume.71 No. 3 p.389 ~ p.410
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The Impact of Employment on Depression among Korean Older Adults： Gender Differences in Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem
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Yoon Soo-Kyung
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Abstract
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Using the data from a 2015 Korean Welfare Panel Study(KWPS), this study first examined the mediating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between employment and depression among Korean older adults, aged 65 and above. Secondly, gender differences in this mediating relationship were examined using a structural equation model. To examine the gender differences in the relationship between employment and depression through self-esteem, a multiple-group path analysis was utilized. The results showed that among the male group, employed status was negatively associated with depression, with self-esteem perfectly mediating the relationship between employment and depression. This means that employment has an indirect effect on male`s depression through self-esteem. In the female group, employed status was negatively associated with depression, with mediating effect of self-esteem but a direct effect between employed status and depression was positive. The finding suggests that in Korea, gender difference is a significant factor in the relationship between employment and depression, which may in turn, reflect traditional gender roles in Korea. Moreover, such findings underscore that specific policy support is required for the male elderly to expand employment, thus to lower the level of depression. At the same time, different intervention approaches will be needed to reduce the level of depression for the female elderly population in Korea.
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KEYWORD
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older adults, employment, depression, self-esteem, gender difference, SEM, multi-group SEM
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